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FREE! TAKE ONE!
The Purpose And Design Of Baptism
By Jack Critchfield
No one would say God has put subjects in His word without a
purpose. If one would do an unbiased study of God's word, they can
readily see baptism plays a vital part in God's scheme of
redemption. But there is much confusion and controversy about the
purpose and design of baptism. Some place very little importance on
baptism, while others consider it extremely important. While we do
not have the space nor the desire to detail all the various
positions, we would simply like to present a study of what the Bible
says baptism can and cannot do in our salvation.
First, let me say, we do not believe nor teach baptismal
regeneration." Baptism does not change the heart. This is a work of
faith. Peter said God, "made no distinction between us and them,
purifying their hearts by faith,” (Acts 15:9). Baptism cannot do
what God designed for faith to do. Nor can baptism change one's
life. This is done by repentance. "But what do you think? A man had
two sons, and he came to the first and said, ‘Son, go, work today in
my vineyard.’ “He answered and said, ‘I will not,’ but afterward he
regretted it and went,” (Matt. 21:28-29). This passage points out
very clearly repentance is not a change in life, but rather a change
in life is wrought because of repentance. Nor does baptism remove
temptation from one's life. After baptism, a person is still tempted
in the same way. This springs from one's own lust (Jas. 1:14), and
when overcome has no one to blame but himself.
While it is true a child of God should not err, baptism does not
keep one from doing wrong. After preaching to others, Peter was
still condemned for his actions (Gal. 2:11-14). And although Paul
became a stalwart preacher, he buffeted his body lest he should be
rejected and lose eternal life (1 Cor. 9:27). We should also realize
baptism cannot give life to the living. Paul says we are, “buried
with Him in baptism, in which you also were raised with Him through
faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead,” (Col.
2:12). You do not bury a live person, but a person who is dead! It
therefore stands to reason the only acceptable subject for baptism
is one who is dead in sin, that they might be raised to walk in
newness of life (Rom. 6:3-4).
These are things baptism cannot do, but let's look at just what
baptism does for us, and what is accomplished in the act. By doing
so, we will be able to ascertain the purpose of baptism as God has
ordained it.
In Gal. 3:29-27, Paul states, “For you are all sons of God
through faith in Christ Jesus. For as many of you as were baptized
into Christ have put on Christ.” The inescapable conclusion from
this passage is one enters "into Christ" by baptism, and in that
obedient act we also "put on Christ." There is no other way provided
for entering into Christ, not for putting on Christ. We therefore,
must conclude every unbaptized person is out of Christ, and has not
put on Christ.
Paul asked, “Or do you not know that as many of us as were
baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death? Therefore
we were buried with Him through baptism into death, that just as
Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so
we also should walk in newness of life,” (Rom 6:3-4). The scriptures
teach one is cleansed by the blood of Christ (Eph. 1:7; Col. 1:14; 1
Jn. 1:7), but too many are completely unaware of how one contacts
the cleansing fountain. The only effectiveness is found in the blood
that was shed in Christ's death for us. And the only way we can come
into contact with His blood is by being baptized into His death. It
must, therefore be concluded, every unbaptized person has not
contacted the cleansing blood that was shed in the death of Christ.
Paul wrote to the saints at Corinth, “For as the body is one and
has many members, but all the members of that one body, being many,
are one body, so also is Christ. {13} For by one Spirit we were all
baptized into one body; whether Jews or Greeks, whether slaves or
free; and have all been made to drink into one Spirit,” (1 Cor
12:12-13). He further states in Eph. 1:22-23, “And He put all things
under His feet, and gave Him to be head over all things to the
church, which is His body, the fullness of Him who fills all in
all.” Notice, Paul allowed no exception to the stated fact: that
all, regardless of nationality, race, or station in life, entered
the body of Christ through baptism. Thus, every unbaptized person is
out of the body of Christ and has not been a partaker of the Spirit.
When the Jews heard the apostles on the day of Pentecost, and
asked, “Men and brethren, what shall we do?” Peter told them,
“Repent, and let every one of you be baptized in the name of Jesus
Christ for the remission of sins; and you shall receive the gift of
the Holy Spirit,” (Acts 2:37-38). Many theologians have questioned
the meaning of Peter's words, but those people on the day of
Pentecost didn't. Further on we read, “Then those who gladly
received his word were baptized; and that day about three thousand
souls were added to them,” (Acts 2:41). The result of Peter's words
was shown in what those people did. Therefore, we must conclude
every unbaptized person has not obtained remission of sins.
After Saul of Tarsus has waited three days and nights for someone
to tell him what he should do (Acts 22:10), he was approached by
Ananias, whom the Lord had sent to instruct him. Ananias said, "And
now why are you waiting? Arise and be baptized, and wash away your
sins, calling on the name of the Lord,” (Acts 22:16). Paul was told
to wash away his sins in his obedience in baptism. He understood,
and later told the results of this (Rom. 6:3-6). If Saul's sins had
been washed away before baptism, he didn't know it, for he obeyed.
If his sins had already been washed away, Ananias didn't know it,
for he commanded it. And if Paul's sins had already been washed
away, the Lord didn't know it either, because He sent Ananias to
tell Paul what he should do. Thus our conclusion must be, unbaptized
people have not had their sins washed away.
Jesus said in Mark 16:16, "He who believes and is baptized will be
saved..." But how often have false teachers dodged and hedged to
evade the plain force of the word of the Son of God? Who has the
authority to offer salvation on other terms? Who has the audacity to
claim salvation by any means not promised by Christ? Several years
after Jesus spoke these words, Peter wrote, “...eight souls, were
saved through water. There is also an antitype which now saves us;
baptism....” (1 Pet 3:20-21). Can we reach any other conclusion than
every unbaptized person has not been saved from sin?
Peter also asserts the baptism is "not the removal of the filth
of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience toward God.” The
Greek word here translated as answer
Always meant "an inquiry." Thus in the act of baptism one is, with a
good conscience, asking for the approval of God.
Paul showed that "newness of life" is the result of having been
baptized into Christ (Rom. 6:3-5). He also said, “Therefore, if
anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; old things have passed
away; behold, all things have become new,” (2 Cor 5:17). But Gal.
3:27, Rom. 6:3 and 1 Cor. 12:13 show one is out of Christ until
baptized. Therefore, newness of life begins only as a result of
having been baptized into Christ.
One must obey Christ in baptism to be made free from sin. Paul
wrote, “But God be thanked that though you were slaves of sin, yet
you obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine to which you were
delivered. And having been set free from sin, you became slaves of
righteousness,” (Rom 6:17-18). This was a result of their having
obeyed "that form" of the death, burial and resurrection of Christ
(Rom. 6:3-4). It was necessary for them to die to past sins (by
faith and repentance toward God) and then be buried and raised from
baptism. Until they had done that, they had not obeyed "that form of
doctrine," nor had they become free from sin. So we must conclude
that every unbaptized person has not obeyed "that form of doctrine"
delivered, and has not been made free from sin. |